Several influential thinkers have shaped modern financial theory and investment strategy in distinct ways. Benjamin Graham is often linked to a disciplined approach that focuses on intrinsic value and long-term fundamentals. John Maynard Keynes, a prominent economist, contributed heavily to macroeconomic thought and even practiced his own brand of investing during volatile markets. Milton Friedman championed free-market principles and monetary policy, impacting how governments view inflation and regulation. Adam Smith, known for The Wealth of Nations, laid the foundation for classical economics and ideas like the invisible hand of the market. Each of these figures brought unique insights into how economies function, how capital should be managed, and how investors might make decisions amid uncertainty. Learning about their philosophies helps provide a broader understanding of the forces behind personal finance, market behavior, and long-term wealth generation.